PV module collection and recovery tools
Experience acquired from dismantling old systems shows clearly that a range of solar modules can continue to be used following testing and repaired if necessary. Therefore, on behalf of a client, bifa drew up recommendations for the dismantling and collection of PV modules to avoid further damage, and important criteria for checking the collected modules by visual inspection and testing their continued fulfilment of the electrical safety requirements.
Furthermore, bifa examined the possible issue of code numbers according to the new AVV (waste register regulations) using typical values for the composition of the modules. Worn out solar modules of modern design are accordingly not generally hazardous waste. However, they can contain small quantities of valuable materials such as silver or indium, or even toxic metals such as lead or cadmium. When determining contaminations, for example, after a fire, it may be necessary to classify the waste as hazardous in an individual case.
The scope and type of output fractions depend on the treated module type and the treatment method used. It is recommended that only the same types of modules be processed in a batch. Classification of the recycling products for further processing requires more precise knowledge of the recovery methods used and the properties of the resulting individual fractions.
To this end, bifa also drew up an overview of recovery options for the modules and their components from the recovery, according to HP criteria for classification as non-hazardous and if applicable hazardous waste. The modules are mostly recovered by laminated glass recyclers, metal or electronic scrap recyclers. The main fraction glass, for example, is sold to the expanded glass or glass fibre industry for the production of thermal insulation. The metal fractions are sold to metal recyclers or foundries. Thermal recovery of the plastic fraction is planned.